Network Architecture

Network Architecture

Network Architecture
Network architecture means how the computers on the network interact and communicate with each other. It is the combined form of network topologies and mode of data transmission between the computers in the network.
Generally, network architecture can be classified into two types:
  1. Client-server network
  2. Peer-to-peer network

Client-server network

client server network diagram
A more common type of network is called a client server network. This type of network uses a central server and specialized network software. The server is dedicated and is only used to store files and run server tasks. The computers that connect to the server are called clients and these are the machines the company staff would use. In this network, each clients can share the processing and storage with the server. In this network, the server provides the services to the clients whereas clients request the server for services. The server should be powerful computer with greater processing speed and large storage capacity than client. Depending on the types of work the server may be various types such as: File server, Printer server, Message server, Application server, Web server, etc.
Benefits of a Client-Server Network
  • The server stores all of the shared files for each user.
  • The server runs the file backups which can be scheduled in the middle of the night, minimizing network interruptions.
  • The server manages user security, and insures that all users who access the network are authorized to do so.
  • The server manages printer sharing and acts as a central repository for the printer drivers and settings.
  • The server manages other common tasks such as Internet access, email routing, Windows updating and anti-virus definition management.
  • The server can also share software applications out to multiple users.
  • The server can also provide for an “Intranet”, an internal website which holds shared company information such as news announcements, HR policies, training documents, and more.
In short, a client server network provides for easier network administration, and provides a much more robust environment which provide secure and manageable access to company data.
Limitations of Client Server Computer Network
Some limitations of client server network are as follows:
  • A server based computer network is more expensive to implement. Server computers are powerful machines with built-in redundancy and other hardware to provide data safety. Hence, they cost much more than a simple desktop computer.
  • The server network software is also much more powerful, complicated, and must be installed correctly to run all of the required tasks, and so the cost is higher for both the software and installation charges.
  • The server is a critical point of failure. If it goes down, the entire network comes to a halt. This drawback can be minimized with the installation fo redundant drives in the server (so that if one fails, the others will still be working), and even a second server that can take over if the primary server fails completely. [Read Full Article]

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